The effect of vitamin D deficiency on hormonal and metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Received: 2026-06-17 15:29:55
Published: 2026-05-21
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age and is associated with hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and insulin resistance. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D levels on hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. The study included 18 women diagnosed with PCOS. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including body mass index, serum vitamin D, insulin, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels were analyzed. Ultrasound examination findings were also assessed. The mean age of the patients was 25.2 years, while the average body mass index was 26.6 kg/m². The mean serum vitamin D level was 24.9 ng/ml, and vitamin D deficiency was identified in 53.8% of patients. Patients with lower vitamin D levels demonstrated higher insulin and testosterone concentrations. Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between vitamin D and insulin levels (r=-0.41), as well as between vitamin D and testosterone levels (r=-0.36). Ultrasound examination confirmed polycystic ovarian morphology in the majority of patients. The findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to hormonal and metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS. Monitoring and correction of vitamin D levels may improve metabolic and reproductive outcomes in affected patients.
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