MORPHOLOGY OF INJURIES FROM THE IMPACT OF BLUNT OBJECTS WITH A FLAT LIMITED SURFACE TO VARIOUS STRUCTURES OF THE HEAD AND BRAIN IN CHILDREN IN DIFFERENT AGE CATEGORIES OF THEIR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Received: 2026-06-18 14:42:07
Published: 2025-12-21
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the morphological characteristics of injuries caused by blunt objects with flat, limited surfaces to various structures of the head and brain in children of different growth and developmental ages. Sixty-seven cases were examined, including 17 fatalities and 50 injured children, who sustained head injuries of varying severity from various blunt objects with a limited, flat surface. The nature, location, extent, frequency, and morphological properties of the injuries were analyzed in detail for each age group. It was found that injuries caused by blunt objects with a limited, flat surface to the face and head most often result in closed trauma and skull fractures—linear or comminuted—while ruptures of the membranes are rare. Subarachnoid hemorrhages and contusions in the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem are focal. Unlike high-energy trauma (car accidents and falls), children who died from blunt force trauma with limited flat surfaces showed virtually no damage to brain tissue. These data can be used to determine the mechanism of injury and to provide medical care to children with head and brain injuries during the treatment stages.
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